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4504 FLASH ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER

4508 PROGRAMMABLE LOOKUP UNIT

4516 PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC UNIT

4518 PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DELAY/FAN-OUT

4532 MAJORITY LOGIC UNIT

4564 OR LOGIC UNIT


FAST, FIRSTLEVEL TRIGGER PROCESSING


The LeCroy ECLine programmable logic module family includes logic delays, Boolean logic and other functions vital for high speed trigger systems. It also includes fast table lookup permitting pre-programmed responses to digital data. Functions are performed in only a few tens of nanoseconds, permitting data to be screened prior to recording and increasing the sensitivity of the experiment.

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

LeCroy's ECLine programmable logic modules are designed to quickly characterize data so that a decision can be made for further processing. For example, discriminators are employed to ensure that analog signals are of sufficient amplitude to be interesting, and to provide logic outputs of fixed duration. This stage is then followed by a coincidence latch which records the pattern of "interesting signals" that occur within the same time window. The first level trigger modules ensure that specific combinations of signals have occurred. (Information on discrimina tors and latches may be found on other ECLine data sheets.)

This first stage of data handling can then either reject the event as uninteresting, or can pass data on for further processing. The more sophisticated line of ECLine Data Handling modules include data conversion, arithmetic operations, fast "do loop" type operations, and specialized pattern recognition. Information on LeCroy data handling modules may be found on the data handlers technical data sheet. All functions are programmable to provide complete computer control of the triggering and data acquisition systems.

The LeCroy ECLine modules are compatible with several systems using ECL bus such as the FERA (Fast Encoding and Readout ADC) system, 1821 based FASTBUS systems as well as with the PCOS 3 System. These systems can interface to VME via the LeCroy VME Dual Port Memory Model 1190.

Model 4504 Flash ADC


Four independent 4-bit (plus overflow) Flash ADCs are incorporated in the Model 4504. The sampling rate is adjustable from 20 to 100 MHz via front-panel control. Alternatively, a front-panel strobe input can be used to externally control the sampling rate.

The 4-bit ECL outputs are accompanied by a strobe output signal to indicate that the outputs are valid. This feature provides a convenient means to strobe subsequent logic (for example, the Model 4508 Programmable Lookup Unit) that uses the Flash ADC results. A front-panel VETO input is provided for disabling the unit during periods when no input data can be processed.

The most common use of the 4504 is as a multiple threshold discriminator. The input may be derived directly from the detectors themselves or the analog outputs of other ECLine modules (Model 4532 for example).

Model 4508 Programmable Lookup Unit


Two independent 8-bit Programmable Lookup Units are included in the Model 4508. Each unit has an 8-bit digital input and an 8-bit digital output. The unit functions as an 8-bit addressable RAM. The contents are pre-pro grammed via CAMAC by the user. Each 8-bit input is a RAM address, and each 8-bit output is the content of this addressed location.

Output patterns are programmed into the unit for each of the 256 possible input patterns. This unit can act as a complex logic module, a programmable calibration unit, or it may control the actions of subsequent logic based on the input pattern and programmed lookup table.

Each section of the 4508 can operate in one of three modes: Shaped, Overlap, or Continuous. In the Shaped Mode, the outputs are a pulse with a duration set by a front-panel adjustment. The inputs must be accompanied by a front-panel Strobe input signal. In Overlap Mode, the pulse width (on all 8 bits) is determined by the coinci dence time between the Inputs and Strobe. Finally, in Continuous Mode, the outputs are latched by the Strobe until cleared.

Model 4516 Programmable Logic Unit


The 4516 is a 3-fold AND/OR logic unit. Each of the 16 channels has three inputs (A, B and C). All channels have a front-panel output that is one of the Boolean combinations: (A·B·C), (A+B)·C, (A·B)+C, or (A+B)+C. The choice of logical function, AND (·) or OR (+), is set for all channels by two switches. These switches are set either by rear-panel manual switch settings or by CAMAC command.

The 150 MHz speed of 4516 lends great versatility to this simple module. It can be used as a front-end AND/OR logic module, or an integral component in a higher level trigger processor.

Model 4516 Logic Diagram

Model 4518 (formerly 4418) Programmable Logic Delay/Fan-Out


Fast, passive logic delays are important when signals must arrive simultaneously at a data acquisition module. The LeCroy Model 4518 has 16 passive, tapped delay lines, one for each input. Each delay is individually set by computer via CAMAC in 1, 2 or 8 nsec increments (depending on sub-model or "MOD" selected), over a range of fifteen increments. The selection directs an output to "use" a particular tap on the delay line. This would give a means of accurately aligning signals in time, for example, to compensate for differences in cable lengths.

Dead timeless operation at speeds up to 100 MHz is assured by using passive delay lines and ECL switches. This feature provides the reliability of cable delays together with the speed and fan-out of ECL circuitry. Each output is available three places on the front panel to provide fan-out. The cost of this device rivals cable delays.

Model 4532 Majority Logic Unit


Experiments that require a minimum number of signals to be present need a Majority Logic Unit. Each of the 32 inputs of the 4532 that is in a logical 1 state gives an incremental increase in a current sum output. An on-board discriminator may then be used to signal when a user set current threshold (multiplicity) is exceeded. The current sum of each 4532 is available on two bridged outputs than permit daisy chaining of several modules. This feature extends the useful number of input sums by 32 inputs per daisy-chained module. For dynamic sampling, the analog output may be connected to an input of the Model 4504 Flash ADC. This unit provides a 4-bit digital output useful for trigger processing circuits.

The status of up to 32 inputs can be monitored and recorded by issuing a strobe. Since the inputs are edge -triggered, the strobe may be a gate of arbitrary duration. Then any inputs which are on during any portion of the gate are recorded and stored in a pattern register. The pattern register can be read by computer via CAMAC. Alternatively, the 4532 can operate in Overlap Mode where the input pattern is not latched, and the outputs follow the inputs dynamically.

Other features of the Model 4532 are fast OR'ing of adjacent inputs, cluster mode operation, and provisions for cascading several 4532s for use in large detector arrays. Sixteen front-panel outputs give a fast OR output of inputs 1 and 2, 3 and 4, etc. These outputs reduce the number of signals that a second level trigger processor must view, while still maintaining a segmented set of signals. In Cluster Mode, the 4532 will assume that adjacent hits indicate a single event and present only a single increment to the current output. This feature is useful in wire chambers where the close wire spacing often results in two or more adjacent wires giving signals from a single track. Finally, there is a provision for cluster Carry In and Carry Out to permit cascading several modules and permit cluster mode operation across module boundaries.

Model 4564 OR Logic Unit


The Model 4564 is a simple and versatile logic module. It consists of four groups (A, B, C and D) of 16 input ORs followed by a set of additional 2-fold and 4-fold OR and AND functions. These various logic outputs, shown pictorially below, are simultaneously available on a rear-panel connector. The transit time is independent of the function. In addition, the outputs are capable of rates in excess of 100MHz. Output width is dependent on the input pulse overlap.

For greater flexibility, the 4564 also offers four discriminator/shaper channels. Internal jumpers allow any of the 12 logic combinations to be input to these channels. The output of discriminators/shapers can be triggered on the leading or tailing edge of the input (jumper selectable). The width is adjustable from 15nsec to greater than 500nsec. Output polarity is also selectable via internal switches. These outputs can be used simply as an adjust able width logic fan-out or can allow for more sophisticated functions.

A typical application of the 4564 is to perform a simple track or pattern recognition for Veto or gate applications.

Model 4564 Logic Diagram

SPECIFICATIONS

Model 4504 Flash ADC


Inputs: Four on coaxial connectors, 50 ohm ±5% impedance, 10nsec minimum width. Analog input range user defined between -2.5 V and +2.5 V. Range, set by computer command by giving low and high voltage reference levels, is divided by 15 to obtain resolution (4 bits).

Strobe: One ECL input for external strobe selected by front-panel switch. Leading edge initiates digitizing of all four inputs simultaneously; falling edge transfers digitized values to outputs and holds until next strobe. Maximum frequency 100 MHz. Alternate switch setting provides internal 20 MHz ­p; 100 MHz free-running strobe. Internal strobe frequency set by front-panel adjustment.

Veto: One ECL input inhibits strobe signal.

Outputs: Four, 4-bit ECL outputs on 8-pin headers. Overflow bits provided on 4 two-pin headers.

Strobe Out: Two on two-pin headers (ECL pulses) and two on Lemo connectors (-600 mV pulses) timed with digital outputs for downstream logic. Width is adjustable by front-panel potentiometer in the range of 5 to 25 nsec.

Test Points: Two front-panel test points permit measurement of voltage reference levels.

Input-Output Delay: Strobe trailing edge to digital outputs, typically 15 nsec.

Power: 1.1 A at +6 V; 1.5 A at -6 V; 6 mA at +24 V (15.7 W total).

Model 4508 Programmable Lookup Unit


Inputs: Two, 8-bit inputs on 34-pin header, 110 ohm ±5% for complementary ECL. Minimum width 10 nsec, maximum rate 65 MHz.

Strobe: Two on Lemo connectors, one per input section, 50ohm impedance. Requires -600 mV signal, 5 nsec minimum width and must precede input by 2nsec for exact time coincidence. Latches inputs, except in overlap mode. Maximum frequency > 65 MHz. Strobe must be followed by clear except in Overlap Mode.

Clear: Two on Lemo connectors, one per input section, 50ohm impedance. Requires -600 mV signal, 5nsec minimum width to clear. Clears pattern register and resets outputs in all modes.

Outputs: Two, 8-bit outputs on 34-pin headers, ECL signals. Width of output in Shaped mode set by front-panel adjustment between < 5 nsec to > 100 nsec.

Synchro Output: Two on Lemo connectors, one per output section, 50 ohm impedance. Supplies -600mV pulse out when outputs are ready. Typically used for strobing next unit, or for self-clearing.

Modes: Overlap (OVL) - Output pulse width determined by coincidence between Inputs and Strobe. Shaped (SHP) - Output pulse width is determined by a front -panel adjustment from < 5 to > 100 nsec. The unit must be cleared before another input can be latched. Continuous (CNT) - Output state is latched by the Strobe, until a Clear is applied.

Propagation Delay: (17 ±3) nsec in Overlap Mode. In other modes (21 ±1) nsec independent of logic function and determined by Strobe timing.

Power: 0.5 A at +6 V; 2.6 A at -6 V (18.6 W total).

Model 4516 Programmable Logic Unit


Inputs: 16 sets of three inputs, 110 ohm ±5% (high impedance by removal of socketed terminators), DC -coupled, on 34-pin headers, for ECL signals, minimum 2 nsec rise time. Maximum rate 150 MHz.

Veto: One rear-panel Lemo connector, 50 ohm impedance. Requires -600 mV signal. Permits gating of outputs, including OR outputs. Must overlap coincidence for the three front-panel inputs by > 5nsec.

Outputs: 16, one per set of three inputs, complementary ECL logic levels on 34-pin header.

OR Out: Two, one for OR of first 8 outputs, one for second 8 outputs (factory option permits OR'ing of all 16 outputs).

Double Pulse Resolution: 5 nsec at minimum input width.

Coincidence Width: > 3.5 nsec determined by input pulse width.

Input-Output Delay: A or B to OUT by 11 nsec typical; A or B to OR by 12 nsec, typical; C to OUT by 8 nsec, typical; C to OR by 9 nsec, typical; VETO to OUT by 8 nsec, typical; VETO to OR by 6 nsec, typical.

Power: 50 mA at +6 V; 1.25 A at -6 V (7.8 W total).

Model 4518 (formerly 4418) Programmable Logic Delay/Fan-Out


Inputs: 16, DC coupled 110 ohm ±5% impedance, on 34-pin header for ECL signals; 100 MHz maximum rate (> 35MHz for 4518/300), < 10 nsec double pulse resolution (< 30 nsec for 4518/300). Minimum width: 5 nsec, (15 nsec for 4518/300).

Delay: 1-16 nsec in 1 nsec steps (4518), 2-32nsec in 2 nsec steps (4518/100), 8-128 nsec in 8nsec steps (4518/300). Delays set by computer for each channel individually.

Outputs: Three for each input, on three 34-pin headers, for compatibility with complementary ECL devices. Width equal to input duration ±1.2 nsec (±4 nsec 4518/300). Rise time and fall time: 2.5nsec.

Crosstalk: Synchronous pulses in adjacent channels can be affected by ±1 nsec typical.

Power: 50 mA at +6 V; 2.5 A at -6 V (15.3 W total).

Model 4532 Majority Logic Unit


Input: All inputs accept differential ECL level (-0.8V, -1.7V) into 110 W ±5% input impedance (high input impedance is possible by removing socket-mounted terminators).

Output: All logic outputs provide complementary ECL levels (-0.8 V, -1.7 V) and are capable of driving differen tial 110 ohm loads.

Data Input (IN): 32 in two 34-pin front-panel connectors; minimum input pulse width 6 nsec.

Reset Input (RTI): Fast reset of the input registers; generates a reset of the analog majority output and of the comparator outputs (MDO, DMO). When the analog output is cascaded with other units, the RTI resets only the contribution from the modules that received the RTI. Minimum input pulse width 6 nsec. In Memory Disable mode, the RTI is inhibited.

Gate Input (GAI): Normally open when unconnected. Normally closed when connected to a cable providing standard ECLine levels. In Memory Disable Mode, data pulses having an overlap with the GAI will contribute to the outputs. In Memory Enable Mode, data pulses having their leading edge inside the GAI time will be accepted and stored. By deriving the GAI from the DMO, an internally generated time window is possible. Minimum overlap time width with input pulses for majority decisions, 10 nsec. Minimum overlap time width with input pulses for logical ORs, 3nsec.

Cluster Carry (CCI): When Cluster Selection is Enabled, receives the carry information on the cluster from the Cluster Carry Output (CCO) of any adjacent majority logic unit.

Analog Majority Input/Output (AMIO): High impedance current source; AMIO connectors can be used for daisy chaining of analog majority information within a unit. Generates current proportional to the input multiplicity at the rate of 3.2 mA per unit. Generates current proportional to the unit multiplicity at the rate of 3.2 mA per hit. Transit time between AMIO connectors 2nsec. Unused output must be terminated with 50 ohm.

Data Outputs (OUT): 16 in a 34-pin front-panel connector. In Memory Disable Mode, provides pulses corre sponding to an overlap coincidence between the gate pulse & the data inputs. In Memory Enable Mode, provides levels started by the coincidence between the gate pulse and the leading edge of the data pulses.

OR Output (ORO): Provides the logical OR of the 32 channels, otherwise behaves as data outputs.

Strobe Output (STO): Provides a pulse, suitable for strobing of subsequent logic units, at the end of the gate input and delayed by the internal transit time (6nsec). Width adjustable from 10 to 25 nsec by a trimmer (STROBE WIDTH) accessible from the side of the module.

Majority Discriminated Output (MDO): The AMIO input/output is internally used as input to an adjustable threshold comparator providing the MDO output. Threshold adjustable from 1 to 16 hits by a front-panel potenti ometer (MA THR). The output will be a pulse or a level depending on the selected operating mode.

Delayed Majority Output (DMO): Reproduces the output MDO above, after an adjustable delay. A switch on the side of the module (DM RANGE) selects one of two delay ranges; 10-100 nsec or 50-1000nsec. A front-panel potentiometer (DMO DELAY RANGE) permits continuous adjustment. The DMO is cleared as soon as the MDO is cleared.

Cluster Carry (CCO): When Cluster Selection is Enabled, indicates that Output channel 32 was hit for use in conjunction with channel 1 of a logically adjacent cluster logic in another 4532 module (CCI) input.

Mode Selection: A Memory Enable switch, accessible on the side of the module, selects one of the following modes: Memory Disable - Functions are disabled; the multiplicity calculation is performed on the overlap of the data inputs. Memory Enable - The data inputs are latched; the multiplicity is determined by the number of leading edges of data input pulses occurring during the gate time. In this mode the unit needs to be cleared either by the reset input (RTI) or by a CAMAC reset function.

Cluster Selection: The Cluster Enable switch, accessible on the side of the module, determines one of the two following modes: Cluster Disable - Each data input provides one hit on the Analog Majority Output AMIO; the Cluster Carry Input (CCI) is disabled; Cluster Enable - Any group of adjacent input data pulses will be considered as a single hit. Provision has been made for the clusters to extend beyond the 32 inputs. If an input is present on the logically adjacent channel to input 1 of this unit but is located in another unit, the CCI can be used to indicate its presence. The CCO of this module indicates that channel 32 of this module is present.

Input-Output Delay: Data IN to AMIO - 16 nsec; AMIO to MDO output -5 nsec; End of gate IN to Strobe OUT by 6nsec; Data IN to Data OUT by 12 nsec; Data IN to OR OUT by 16 nsec; Reset IN to Data OUT by 20 nsec; Reset IN to OR OUT by 24 nsec; Data IN 32 to Cluster Carry OUT by 11 nsec; Cluster Carry IN to Data IN 1 by 2nsec. Gate pulse must precede Data pulse by at least 7nsec.

Power: 200 mA at +6 V; < 3.6 A at -6 V; 5 mA at +24 V; 7 mA at -24 V (23 W total).

Model 4564 OR Logic Unit


Inputs: 64 in four 34-pin front-panel connectors, ECL signals, 110ohm impedance. Minimum width 6 nsec, maximum frequency > 100MHz.

Overlap Outputs: Rear-panel 34- pin connector, pins 1 to 12, ECL signals. Width corresponds to overlap (±2 nsec) of inputs of logic function, minimum output 5 nsec, maximum output frequency > 100 MHz; transit time 12 nsec ±1 nsec typical, independent of logic function; double pulse resolution 10nsec typical.

Shaped Outputs: Rear-panel connector pins 13 to 16, any of overlap logic can be converted via jumper option to any of the four discriminator/shapers, output is differential ECL levels and width is internally adjustable from 15 to > 500nsec, can be triggered in leading or trailing edge of inputs (jumper selectable); output polarity internally switch selectable; maximum frequency: 30MHz, double pulse resolution: 33nsec.

Power: 150 mA at +6 V; 1.5 A at -6 V; 20 mA at -24 V (10.4W total).

CAMAC COMMANDS

Model 4504 Flash ADC


CAMAC COMMANDS

C:
Generates a strobe. This function is not affected by I or VETO input and may be disabled by a side-panel switch. The digital outputs will be set depending on the analog value of the inputs; in particular, if the inputs are disconnected all the digital outputs will correspond to 0 V at the inputs. The output logic state will be determined by the VL and VH reference voltages.

I: Inhibit strobe.

X, Q: X = 1 and Q = 1 responses are generated for any of the valid functions.

CAMAC FUNCTION CODES

F(0)·A(0):
Read digital outputs; R1 to R16, 4 bits per channel.

F(0)·A(1): Read digital overflow, R1 to R4, 1 bit per channel.

F(16)·A(0): Write Low Reference Voltage (VL), 8 bits; range from -2550 mV to +2250 mV in steps of 20 mV.

F(16)·A(1): Write High Reference Voltage (VH), same as VL.

F(25)·A(0,1): Equivalent to C.

Model 4508 Programmable Lookup Unit


CAMAC COMMANDS

Z or C:
The address register for the memories of both sections is set to 0; pattern registers are cleared.

X: An X = 1 response is generated for any valid CAMAC function.

Q: A Q = 1 response is generated for any valid CAMAC function, except when the memory addresses overflow. (This permits the determination of when the reading or the loading of a memory has been completed.)

CAMAC FUNCTION CODES

F(0)·A(0): Read first section 8-bit input pattern.

F(0)·A(1): Read second section 8-bit input pattern.

F(0)·A(2): Read first section memory content at the given address; the memory content is displayed on read lines R1-R8, the given address on read lines R9-R16.

F(0)·A(3): As F(0)·A(2) for the second section.

F(2)·A(0): Read first section 8-bit pattern and reset at S2; reset output levels when operating in continuous mode.

F(2)·A(1): As F(2)·A(0) for the second section.

F(2)·A(2): Read first section memory content at the given address (as for F(0)·A(2)) and increment address by one at S2.

F(2)·A(3): As F(2)·A(2) for the second section.

F(9)·A(0): Clear first section pattern; reset first section output levels when operating in continuous mode.

F(9)·A(1): As F(9)·A(0) for the second section.

F(9)·A(2-3): Reset memory address in both sections.

F(16)·A(0): Load first section memory content at the given address; data have to be sent on write lines W1-W8.

F(16)·A(1): As F(16)·A(0) for the second section.

F(16)·A(2): Random access to the first section memory (the selected address has to be sent on write lines W9 -W16); load memory content with data present on W1-W8, at the selected address.

F(16)·A(3): As F(16)·A(2) for the second section.

F(18)·A(0): Load first section memory content, at the given address, with data present on W1-W8; increment address by 1.

F(18)·A(1): As F(18)·A(0) for the second section.

F(18)·A(2-3): Load the memory's address register (this address has to be sent on write lines W9-W16).

Model 4516 Programmable Logic Unit


CAMAC COMMANDS

X:
An X response is generated when a valid N, A, F command is recognized.

Z: Sets all channels to OR Mode.

CAMAC FUNCTION CODES

F(26)·A(0):
Sets all C0s to AND Mode.

F(24)·A(0): Sets all C0s to OR Mode.

F(26)·A(1): Sets all C1s to AND Mode.

F(24)·A(1): Sets all C1s to OR Mode.

F(27)·A(0): Gives a Q response if C0 switch is in AND Mode.

F(27)·A(1): Gives a Q response if C1 switch is in AND Mode.

Model 4518 (formerly 4418) Programmable Logic Delay/Fan-Out


CAMAC COMMANDS

X, Q:
An X and Q response are generated when a valid N, A, F command is recognized.

CAMAC FUNCTION CODES

F(16)·A(0-15):
Load delay time setting on write lines W1 to W4. One subaddress for each channel.

Model 4532 Majority Logic Unit


CAMAC COMMANDS

Z, C:
Clears data memory and LAM.

L: A Look-At-Me signal is generated (in Memory Enable Mode only) at the end of the gate input if the OR output is set. The LAM may be enabled or disabled by the LAM enable switch accessible on the side of the module.

X: An X = 1 response is generated for any valid function.

Q: A Q = 1 response is generated for any executable function in Memory Enable Mode only, except as noted.

CAMAC FUNCTION CODES

F(0)·A(0):
Read input pattern, channels 1 to 16.

F(0)·A(1): Read input pattern, channels 17 to 32.

F(1)·A(0): Read status register; R1 = 1 if LAM is ON; R2 = 1 if LAM Enable switch is ON; R3 = 1 if MEMORY Enable switch is ON; R4 = 1 if CLUSTER Enable switch is ON. Q response is always generated.

F(2)·A(0): Read input pattern, channels 1 to 16.

F(2)·A(1): Read input pattern, channels 17 to 32, and clears the 32-channel memory and LAM.

F(8)·A(0): Test LAM; a Q response is generated if L is ON.

F(9)·A(0): Clears the data memory and LAM.

F(10)·A(0): Test and clear LAM, clears LAM. Q response is generated if L is ON. The clear LAM operation is not executed if Q response is missing.


Model 4564 OR Logic Unit


The Model 4564 does not utilize CAMAC Commands or Function Codes.

Copyright© September 1995. LeCroy is a registered trademark of LeCroy Corporation. All rights reserved. Information in this publicaction supersedes all earlier versions.